Pap. Paris, Louvre E 27151

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Metadata

Collection

Inventory Number	Pap. Paris, Louvre E 27151
Current Location	Paris, Musée National du Louvre
Publication Permission Status	permission for publication upon enquiry only
Publication Status	published

Origin / Provenance

Ancient Provenance Site	Elephantine (Ꜣbw; Yb; YbꜢ; YbꜤ; Ἐλεφαντίνη, יב , ⲉⲓⲏⲃ) [Trismegistos] Certainty: high
Ancient Provenance District	Upper Egypt, 1st nome (Ombites) [Trismegistos]
Type of Discovery	archaeological excavation Certainty: high
Finder (= First Purchaser)	Clédat, Jean Certainty: high
Location of Find / Purchase in Egypt	Elephantine
District of Find / Purchase in Egypt	Upper Egypt, 1st nome (Ombites) [Trismegistos]
Type of Acquisition for the Intitution	partage
Date of Acquisition for the Intitution	between 1975 and 1975
Buyer (Currently Housing Institution)	Tuckett, Francis Fox Certainty: high

Object

Object Type	papyrus
Range of Preservation	incomplete
State of Preservation	The papyrus has only partial damage in the upper part. The upper right and left corner were torn off when the letter was opened (According to: Posener-Kriéger, A Letter to the Governor (1978), 84). These edges are lost today. In addition, there is a hole so that a short part of the second and third line on the recto is missing.
Comments on Object	"Six horizontal folds and the middle vertical fold are clearly visible." (Posener-Kriéger, A Letter to the Governor (1978), 84)

Text Basic Information

Localization of Text on Object	recto/verso
Script-Fiber-Relation (for Payri)	parallel
Inks and Pigments	carbon ink monochrome black
Range of Preservation (Text)	incomplete
State of Preservation (Text)	The beginning and end of line one as well as the end of line two on the recto are missing. Parts within line two and three on the recto are lost. On the verso, the address is damaged on both ends. All lacunae are reconstructable.
Script, Primary	"Neuhieratische Kanzleischrift"
Language, Primary	Late Egyptian
Comments on Handwriting	The handwriting is clear, clean, and without many flourishes.
Comments on Text Layout	Between the end of the text on the verso and the address is a large space. The width of the margins is consistently very narrow.
	recto	verso
Quantity of Lines	11	3
Height of Line / Letter

Text Content

Modern Title	Letter
Ancient Scribe(s) of Text	(Unknown)
Text Types	documentary \| letter
Summary of Content	A man named Khai writes a letter to the mayor of Elephantine and after the salutation complains that the content of the vessels which the mayor had sent to him is bad in quality. The honey which was intended for the divine offering was mixed with ointment. Khai requests compensation and demands a new vessel of honey or, alternatively, incense until he will get honey. He mentions a person who will bring the products to him. In addition, Khai asks for dry sycamore wood.
Location of Composition	Thebes Upper Egypt, 4th nome Egypt (Certainty: high)
Multilingualism	Monolingual Script = Language
Gender	Man
Religion	Polytheism (Egyptian)

Text

Transcription

Translation

Pictures

1	Ḫꜥ.y n pr Ḥr-ꜣḫ.tj ḥr nḏ ḫr.t n ḥꜣ.tj-ꜥ Mnṯw-ḥr-ḫpš=f
2	n ꜣbw m ꜥnḫ wḏꜣ snb m ḥsw.t Jmn-Rꜥ nswt-nṯr.w r-n.tj tw=j ḥr ḏd n Jmn-
3	Rꜥ-Ḥr-ꜣḫ.tj jw=f ḥr wbn ḥtp n Ḥr-ꜣḫ.tj ḥnꜥ psḏ.t=f
4	jmı͗ snb=k jmı͗ ꜥnḫ=k jmı͗ wnn=k m ḥsw.t Ḥr-ꜣḫ.tj pꜣy=k nb
5	r:ptr ¹The scribe use of r for j: tw ²This word was written with the determinative of the seated man. ḥnꜥ ḏd r-n.tj wn=j nꜣ ꜣꜥꜥ.wt n bj.t j:jnı͗=k n pꜣ nṯr

¹ The scribe use of r for j:
² This word was written with the determinative of the seated man.

6	jw=j ḥr šdı͗ 10 n hjn.w n bj.t jm=st r pꜣ ḥtp-nṯr jw=j ḥr gmı͗
7	jw=st mḥ.tj m gs db.wt r-ḏr.w=st jw=j ḥr ḫtm=st ꜥn jw=j ḥr
8	ḏı͗.t jnı͗.tw=st n=k r rs.j jnn m ky r:ḏı͗ ssw ¹= st n=k jmı͗ ptr=f sw

¹ = st

9	mtw=k ptr jnn jw=k r gmı͗ wꜥ(.t) nfr(.t) mtw=k ḥr ḏı͗.t jnı͗.tw=st n=j ḫr

10	ḏı͗ Pꜣ-Rꜥ snb=k ḫr jnn mn jw=k ḥr ḏı͗.t jnı͗.tw pꜣ mnt n

11	snṯr m-ḏr.t wꜥb Nṯr-ms.w j:jr.t=k gmı͗ bj.t mtw=k ḥr ḏı͗.t jnı͗.tw

vso.1

n=j nꜣ ḫt n nh .t šwı͗ ḫr ḏı͗ Jmn snb=k ḫr ḏı͗ Ḥr-ꜣḫ.tj

vso.2

jrı͗.y=k ꜥḥꜥ.w qꜣı͗ nfr snb=k m-bꜣḥ Ḥr-ꜣḫ.tj


vso.3	Ḫꜥ.y n pr Ḥr-ꜣḫ.tj n ḥꜣ.tj-ꜥ Mnṯw-ḥr-ḫpš=f¹Reading according to Posener-Kriéger, A Letter to the Governor (1978), 87.

¹ Reading according to Posener-Kriéger, A Letter to the Governor (1978), 87.

1	[///] Khai of the house of Horakhty greets [the mayor Mentjuherkhepeshef]
2	of Elephantine: [In life, prosperity], (and) health] (and) in the favor of Amun-Re, King of the gods. Following: I [pray to]
3	Amun-Ra-Hor[akhty], [when] he rises and sets, to Horakhty and his ennead
4	to grant that you may be healthy, to grant that you may live a long life, (and to grant) that you may be in favor of Horakhty, your lord,
5	who looks after you. Further the following: I opened the ꜣꜥꜥ.t-jars of honey which you have brought for the god.

6	When I took out ten hins of honey thereof for the divine offering,
7	I found it completely filled with bricks of ointment. I sealed it again (and) I
8	send it ¹Lit. „cause it to be brought”. (back) to you to the south. If it is another man who gave it to you, so let him see it.
9	And look if you will find a good one, so send it to me. Then
10	Ra will grant that you may be healthy. But if there is none, so send a jar of
11	incense by the wꜥb-priest Netjer-mesu until you find honey, and send

¹ Lit. „cause it to be brought”.

vso.1	wood of dry sycamore to me. Then Amun will grant that you may be healthy and Horakhty will grant that

vso.2	you may spend a long life. Your health may be good in the presence of Horakhty.
vso.3	[///] Khai of the house of Horakhty to the mayor Mentjuher[khepeshef]

E_27151_R_001

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E_27151_V_001

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Places (read out from edition)

(places.xml#s3)

People mentioned in Text

ID	gender	en normiert	original	Language	Functions	in Texts
11505	man	Khai	Ḫꜥ.y	pre-Coptic Egyptian

Dates

RulerID	Regnal Year	MonthID	Day Date of the Text	Gregorian Date	dating_comment
20th dynasty				-1186 BCE -1069 BCE	the invocation to Amun-Ra-Horakhty, the arrangement of the address, and the paleography (According to: Posener-Kriéger A Letter to the Governor (1978), 85);

Pictures

E_27151_R_001

Reserved Copyright

E_27151_V_001

Reserved Copyright

Literature

DatasetID	310582
last Change	29.07.2022
Trismegistos	-
Author	Martina Grünhagen; Verena Lepper; Daniela C. Härtel
Dataset License	Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA)
Data set citation	Data set 310582 (= Pap. Paris, Louvre E 27151), ERC-Project ELEPHANTINE: Martina Grünhagen; Verena Lepper; Daniela C. Härtel.